Doctors and Discoveries: Lives That Created Today's Medicine

Wilmington, Massachusetts, U.S.A.: Houghton Mifflin. New. 2002. Hardcover. 0618152768 .*** FREE UPGRADE to Courier/Priority Shipping Upon Request *** - *** IN STOCK AND IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE FOR SHIPMENT - FLAWLESS COPY, BRAND NEW, PRISTINE, NEVER OPENED -- From the author of: "Scientific 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Scientists past and Present" -- PUBLISHER NOTE - Doctors and Discoveries tells the story of Western medicine through the lives of its most influential figures, chosen for their relevance to contemporary medicine. With eighty-six profiles-from Hippocrates to today's gene hunters-this is the most extensive collection to be published in a single volume in more than fifty years. Famous figures like Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard are profiled alongside lesser-known but intriguing figures such as patent-medicine pioneer Lydia Pinkham and the founder of chiropractic, D. D. Palmer. Founders, modernizers, and heroes are presented in a spirited and engaging style that makes for engrossing reading or browsing. Doctors and Discoveries is the perfect gift for anyone interested in history, science, or just great storytelling. -- "For the history of medicine, and much of modern medicine itself, there can be no better introduction than these biographies skillfully woven into our accumulated knowledge. They make for compulsive reading." (Edward O. Wilson, University Professor at Harvard University) - Library Journal -- The publisher's claim that this is the "first collective biography of medical history to be published in the last fifty years" might surprise Sherwin B. Nuland, whose Doctors: The Biography of Medicine covers some of the same individuals. Despite the overlap, this is still an excellent introduction to medical history and its most important figures. Its more than 80 chapters profile individuals responsible for many breakthroughs and advances. These range from ancient founders such as Hippocrates and Galen through the anatomist Andreas Vesalius and surgeon John Hunter to present-day HIV researchers Robert Gallo and Luc Montagnier. Each chapter is brief and readable, and covers the life and achievements of each person very well. Portraits are included for most. Only a few are women, including nursing pioneer Florence Nightingale and psychoanalyst Melanie Klein. A better choice than patent medicine queen Lydia Pinkham would have been Virginia Apgar, whose newborn scoring system bears her name. Simmons is a science writer and author of The Scientific 100: A Rating of the Most Influential Scientists, Past and Present. Recommended especially for public libraries. A. J. Wright, Univ. Of Alabama Lib. , Birmingham Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information. -- TABLE OF CONTENTS ; * Acknowledgments ; * Introduction: A Human Dimension to the History of Medicine ; *Pt. I Compass of Western Medicine ; * Charles Darwin: Biology and Medicine 3 ; * Rudolf Virchow: The Scope of Modern Medicine: Cellular and Social 8 ; * Claude Bernard: Medicine and Modern Experimental Physiology 14 ; * Louis Pasteur: The Germ Theory of Disease: Microbiology 18 ; * Robert Koch: Foundations of Bacteriology 24 ; * Hippocrates: Rational Medicine 29 ; * Galen: Western Medical Tradition 34 ; *Pt. II The Principal Transformations ; * Andreas Vesalius: The Fabrica and the New Anatomy 41 ; * William Harvey: Circulation of the Blood 45 ; * Paracelsus: A New Tradition in Medicine 50 ; * Giovanni Morgagni: "His Anatomical Majesty" 55 ; * Xavier Bichat: Doctrine of Tissues 58 ; * Rene Laennec: The Physician's New Gaze 62 ; * Johannes Muller: The Rise of German Medicine 67 ; * Francois Magendie: "A Science in the Making" 71 ; * Pierre Louis: The Numerical Method 75 ; * Carl Ludwig: An "Integrated Approach" to Physiology 80 ; * Jacob Henle: Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Pathology 84 ; * Florence Nightingale: Modern Nursing 88 ; * Joseph Lister: Antisepsis and Modern Surgery 94 ; * Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen: The Discovery of X Rays 100 ; * Theodor Boveri: The Chromosomes 105 ; * Santiago Ramon y Cajal: Discovering the Neurons 109 ; * Oswald Avery: The "Transforming Principle": DNA 113 ; *Pt. III Figures of Constant Reference ; * Ambroise Pare: The Rise of Surgery 119 ; * Bernardino Ramazzini: Occupational Diseases and Environmental Hazards 123 ; * Girolamo Fracastoro: A Poem About Syphilis, a Theory of Contagion 127 ; * Thomas Sydenham: The "English Hippocrates" 132 ; * Hermann Boerhaave: Medicine in the Eighteenth Century 136 ; * John Hunter: Beginnings of Scientific Medicine and Surgery 140 ; * Pierre Fauchard: Founder of Modern Dentistry 145 ; * Philippe Pinel: Treating the Insane 148 ; * Edward Jenner: Vaccination Against Smallpox 152 ; * William Thomas Green Morton: The Demonstration of Anesthesia 157 ; * John Snow: Field Epidemiology Begins at the Broad Street Pump 162 ; * Ignaz Semmelweis: Tragic Insight into Childbed Fever 165 ; * Theodor Billroth: Surgery Comes of Age 169 ; * Sigmund Freud: The Rise, Decline, and Persistence of Psychoanalysis 173 ; *Pt. IV Creating Modern Medicine ; * William Osler: Modern Clinical Medicine 181 ; * Elie Metchnikoff: Cellular Immunity 186 ; * Willem Einthoven: Inventing Electrocardiography 191 ; * Emil von Behring: Humoral Immunity 195 ; * Alexis Carrel: Surgery, Science, and Man, the Unknown 199 ; * Frederick Banting: The Discovery of Insulin 205 ; * Walter B. Cannon: The Wisdom of the Body 210 ; * Archibald Garrod: Genetic Disorders and Biochemical Individuality 214 ; * Otto Warburg: Basic Discoveries in Biochemistry 218 ; * Abraham Flexner: Educating Doctors 222 ; * Harvey Cushing: Arrival of the Brain Surgeon 227 ; * Hans Spemann: Embryology and the "Organizer" 232 ; * Henry Dale: Discovering the First Neurotransmitter 236 ; * Hans Krebs: The Krebs Cycle 240 ; * Howard Florey: The Discovery of Penicillin 245 ; * Wilder Penfield: Neurology: Mapping the Brain 251 ; * Selman Waksman: Microbes from the Soil 256 ; * Peyton Rous: Cancer: A Viral Theory 261 ; * John Franklin Enders: Persuading Viruses to Multiply 266 ; * Ernst Ruska: Inventing the Electron Microscope 270 ; * Willem J. Kolff: Spare Parts Medicine 275 ; * Macfarlane Burnet: A New Theory of the Immune System 280 ; *Pt. V Recent and Contemporary ; * Rosalyn Sussman Yalow: Radioimmunoassay 287 ; * Benjamin Spock: Raising Children in a Complicated World 291 ; * Arthur Kornberg: The Enzyme Hunter 296 ; * Carleton Gajdusek: A New Agent of Disease 302 ; * Ernst Wynder: Smoking, Health, and Preventive Medicine 307 ; * Melanie Klein: Psychiatry: New Trends in Psychoanalysis 312 ; * Godfrey Hounsfield: The Revolution in Diagnostic Imaging 317 ; * Jean Dausset: Molecular Self and Nonself 321 ; * James Black: The Rational Search for New Drugs 326 ; * Walter Gilbert: Molecular Biology Takes Command 330 ; * Solomon Snyder: Advances in Neuroscience 335 ; * William Masters: Sex Research and Therapy 340 ; * Gerald M. Edelman: The Chemistry of Immunity and the Biology of Neurology 345 ; * Harold Varmus: Molecular Pathways to Cancer 351 ; * Raymond Damadian: Magnetic Resonance Imaging 356 ; * Bert Vogelstein: A Genetic Explanation for Cancer 361 ; * Robert Gallo and Luc Montagnier: The Contentious Discovery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 365 ; *Pt. VI Omnium-Gatherum ; * Celsus: Cicero of Medicine 375 ; * Ibn Sina (Avicenna) : Prince of Physicians 379 ; * Louise Bourgeois: Persistence of the Midwife 383 ; * Samuel Hahnemann: The Progress of Homeopathy 387 ; * Daniel David Palmer: Chiropractic 392 ; * Lydia Pinkham: "A Sure Cure ..." 396 ; * Paul de Kruif: The Microbe Hunters 401 ; * Henri Dunant: Founding the Red Cross 405 ; * Envoy 411 ; * Source Notes 413 ; * Bibliography 437 ; * Index 451. -- with a bonus offer-- .