Direitos, e deveres do cidadão, por Mably. Traducção offerecida ao Supremo Congresso Nacional.

Lisbon, Na Imprensa Nacional, 1821.. First Edition in Portuguese. 4°, disbound (traces of early wrappers at inner margins of first and final leaves). Woodcut Portuguese-Brazilian royal arms on title page. One corner bumped. Lower blank margin of title page reinforced. Final leaf with repair to outer margin (13 x 3 cm.), causing loss on final page of 1 letter (the "P" in "Pag.") and about 3 page numbers of the errata. In good condition. (4 ll.), 178, xlvii pp., (3 pp. errata). Leaf BB missigned as B3. *** First Edition in Portuguese. Written in 1758, the work was first published posthumously in 1789 in the original French as Des droits et des devoirs du citoyen. Mably warned against events that later developed during the French Revolution. He begins by reflecting on what a citizen owes to his government, then moves on to what a citizen has the right to expect from the government and how a proper government should be established. With increasing passion (often directed against his supposed interlocutor, Lord Stanhope), the author discusses how an individual should act under a monarch in order to preserve as much liberty as possible, when provinces may detach themselves from a monarchy, how to consolidate and preserve liberty, and the branches of legislative power.The translator, Costa Velloso, added nearly 50 pages of substantive notes that relate Mably's comments to Portugal's situation. For example, when Mably compares the state of Paris with that of the remote provinces of France, Costa Velloso compares Lisbon to other locations in Portugal: "Nas Provincias, nada mais horroroso que a miseria extrema em que vivem os desgraçados moradores dos campos, e a immensidade de tributos que pagão por cultivarem huma pequena porção de terreno, que escassamente lhes subministra o negro pão quotidiano ...."The Abbé de Mably (1709-1785), philosopher and historian, was an important figure in the history of republican thought during the Enlightenment and the French Revolution. He was the elder brother of Étienne Bonnot de Condillac. Rousseau was a lifelong friend, who had tutored Mably's and Condillac's nephews, and reflected upon the experience in Emile. Mably believed that private property was the root of all the ills affecting humanity. He advocated communal ownership, but argued that trying to achieve his proposed ideal would cause as much harm as maintaining the status quo, and therefore advised against revolution.João Xavier da Costa Velloso (Lisbon, 1778-1859) was a professor at the Real Collegio Militar, and later its commandant. He was a member of the Conselho de Sua Magestade, Commendador da Ordem de S. Bento d'Avis, Cavalleiro da Ordem de N. S. da Conceição, and field marshal. Aside from this translation, he published anonymously some poems on military themes.*** Innocêncio IV, 54: without collation; crediting the translation to João Xavier da Costa Velloso. Gonçalves Rodrigues, A Tradução em Portugal, 3800. Santos Verdelho, As palavras e as ideias na Revolução Liberal de 1820, p. 368: without date or collation. On the identity of the Lord Stanhope whom Mably addresses so vehemently, see Jason Wright, A Classical Republican in Eighteenth-Century France: The Political Thought of Mably, p. 71. Not in Biblioteca Pública de Braga, "Catálogo do Fundo Barca-Oliveira". Porbase locates three copies, all in the Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal. Not located in Jisc. KVK (51 databases searched) repeats the copies cited by Porbase, and the one in the National Library of Sweden only.