THE CASTLE OF NAXOS - A Construction History (13th-20th ce.): THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A CRUSADER CASTLE, ITS TRANSFORMATION TO A MEDIEVAL CITY AND ITS EVOLUTION TO DATE

In Greek with extended English summary. Two volumes. Hard cover, 28 cm, 500 pp., ill.

VOL. 1: Text - Pictures, VOL. 2: Original architectural drawings in 91 tables.

Author's Preface: "It was the incessant and irreversible alteration taking place at the Castle of Naxos (a living monument whole of the Venetian domination period), along with the lack of respective research, and the author’s being in the employ of the Ministry of Culture working on relevant topics, that prompted him to choose the subject of this study. The above mentioned Castle presented the advantage that several authentic pieces of evidence had survived up to the end of the 1980s, namely is up to the impact of the tourism on Cyclades. Determinative factor for undertaking this research in 1986 (a doctoral thesis) was the acquaintance with the dear departed professor Gottfried Gruben, during the author’s graduate studies (Technical University of Munich, Department of Monument Conservation and Building Archaeology), who had supervised the research up to 2001. Then, professor Manolis Korres (National Technical University of Athens) *, to whom thanks for his contribution are expressed, undertook the supervision. The extensive research deals with a compound and sizable subject referring to the History of Urban Planning and Architecture, focusing in the region nowadays occupied by the Castle, 20.000 m2 in area, including 54 properties. The research mainly aimed to the investigation of the initial construction phase, the creation of the Castle. Only few pieces of evidence referring to this period survive. The evolution of the Castle to a fortified city, a castle-city, also suffers from such lack of evidence. The method implemented for the safe documentation of this monument whole and its temporal evolution, especially, though, of its first settlement phase, mainly relied upon the deliberate investigation of the majority of the nowadays accessible buildings and other significant constructions. Given that this medieval Castle was never abandoned − on the contrary, it has remained an evolving alive settlement to date, with the relevant to this fact impacts to its construction –, the collection and the co-examination of history, record, and material evidence were judged necessary for all the subsequent phases, beginning from the contemporary period and spreading towards past, widening in this way the research scope. Thus, this study grew to be a broader work, contribution to the study of the medieval city in Greece, and possibly a useful reference for future researchers. It must be noted that the lack of appropriate and accurate enough topographical maps led to the development of a new map, by the use a complete geodetic network, according to the E.G.S.A. 87 system. The surveying data were connected with the above mentioned network. The degree of significance, along with the difficulty in accessing some areas (inhabited private buildings), and the complexity of the subject, led to the use of various measurement methods and instruments (theodolite, measuring tape, orthogonal prism etc), resulting in differentiation in terms of precision. The drawings have been worked out by the use of non-computerized means until 1994. Since then, CAD, offering greater flexibility in terms of analysis and presentation, has been used. A total of ten floor plan levels were used, because of the steepness of the site. Each level was divided in six sectors. A codification system was used for the data referring to each place (property or place number, level number, altitude, degree of precision etc)." // C O N T E N T S - VOLUME I: FROM THE ANALYSIS TOWARDS THE DOCUMENTATION OF A MONUMENT WHOLE: 1. Review of the approach of the subject, 2. Objectives, method, assumptions // GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL DATA // HISTORICAL-SOCIAL-ECONOMIC-POLITICAL-RELIGIOUS EVOLUTION OF THE DUCHY OF THE ARCHIPELAGO: 1. LATIN DOMINATION IN AEGEAN (1204-1566): Historical context: The Venetian miniature State in Cyclades and its extension in Aegean, The Duchy of Naxos, a miniature State in Aegean under Latin dynasties, 1207-1566 - 2. THE EVOLUTION OF THE DUCHY UNDER THE OTTOMAN DOMINATION BEGINNING ON 1566: Peculiar interim: from Latin to Ottoman Domination, Under Ottoman Domination (1580 - 19th century), THE COLONIAL SOCIETY OF THE CASTLE OF NAXOS // INFORMATION AND RESEARCH REFERING TO THE CASTLE (to date) - Architectural approaches // THE CASTLE-CITY NOWADAYS. ITS EVOLUTION: Establishment according to the Venetian model – Elements of habitation and urban organization of the Venetian dominions, The historical urban evolution of the castle-city out of the surrounding wall – The "Burgo", The port as an operational node of the castle, The castle nowadays // D. THE COMPONENTS OF THE CASTLE - Within a "Bauforschung" (analysis, commentary, special conclusions): GLEZOS TOWER (APERATHITISSAS) - D25 ADRIANI CARAVIA HOUSE (DELLAROCCA) – [VARIOUS HOUSES] – THE CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL - THE KEEP (CENTRAL TOWER) - THEATER – LIBRARY - THEOSKEPASTE CHURCH - CATHOLIC ARCHBISHOP MANSION (OLD CHANCELLERY) - ANTHONY CHURCH - CAPUCHIN MONASTERY - CHAPEL KAZATZA AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM BUILDING (FORMERLY HOLY CROSS FRATERNITY BUILDING, JESUIT MONASTERY) - URSULIN NUNNERY BUILDING - URSULIN NUNNERY AND SCHOOL HOUSE - URSULINE SCHOOL BUILDING // THE CASTLE OF NAXOS AS AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM // THE CREATION OF THE CASTLE AND THE DEFENSIVE SYSTEM // THE CASTLE OF NAXOS AND ITS CONSTRUCTION HISTORY: The establishment of a crusader castle, its transformation to a medieval city, and its evolution to date (concise conclusions) // EXTENDED SUMMARY-CONCLUSIONS IN ENGLISH // ABBREVIATIONS - REFERENCES - SOURCES. –– VOLUME II (Drawings, Maps): CYCLADES -NAXOS - NAXOS TOWN - CASTLE - BURGO 1:2500 - THE PORT OF NAXOS (PARTS OF HISTORICAL MAPS) - CASTLE: USES - PROPERTIES (NOWADAYS) 1:750 - THE ROOFS: GENERAL PLAN 1:500 - ARCHAEOLOGICAL FLOOR PLAN 1:500 - ARCHAEOLOGICAL FLOOR PLAN WITH BUILDING PHASES 1:250 - BUILDING PHASES OF THE CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL & THE CENTRAL TOWER 1:250 - CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL & LITTLE ORTHODOX CHURCH of THEOSKEPASTE: BLAZONS - BUILDING PHASES - FLOOR PLAN (1638) OF A PROJECT FOR THE EXTENSION? OF THE CATHEDRAL ~1:250 - THE BUILDING PHASES OF THE CHANCELLERY 1:250 - PROJECT PLAN (1898) CONVERTING THE CHANCELLERY BUILDING to AN ARCHBISHOP’S EDIFICE ~1:280 - BUILDING PHASES OF THE DUCAL CHAPEL - CAPELLA 1:250 - GENERAL FLOOR PLAN OF THE CASTLE WITH INSERTED PROJECT PLAN (17th ce..) FOR THE JESUIT MONASTERY COMPLEX ~1:750 - CISTERN OF THE MONASTERY COMPLEX 1:200 - THE EXTENSIONS OF THE URSULINE MONASTERY AND SCHOOL 1:500 - CASTLE: GENERAL FLOOR PLAN WITH EXISTING CISTERNS & BLAZONS (CLASSIFIED - VALUATED) 1:750 - CASTLE: GENERAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL FLOOR PLAN WITH MEDIEVAL BUILDING REMAINS 1:500 - PART OF THE URBAN NETWORK - MAIN GATE ‘TRANI’ PORTICO WITH BUILDING PHASES: FLOOR PLAN & ELEVATION-SECTION 1:125 - MAIN GATE ‘TRANI’ PORTICO: FLOOR PLAN & ELEVATION-SECTION 1:125 - THE FIRST MILITARY FORTRESS 1:1250 - THE EVOLUTION (DEVELOPMENT) OF THE DEFENSIVE SYSTEM 1:1250 - THE MEDIEVAL CITY IN THE 15th CENTURY - THE CONSTRUCTION (BUILDING) - THE MEDIEVAL HOUSE: GENERAL FLOOR PLAN OF CASTLE NAXOS 1:750 - MEDIEVAL HOUSE TYPES IN CASTLE NAXOS, ON THE CYCLADES AND IN VENICE: Noble houses adjacent to the surrounding wall - House units in the interior of castle Naxos based on the principles of the noble houses - One room house in castle Naxos interior with extension above the ground floor (2 or 3 storey) - House unit in the Castle of Antiparos - House unit in the Castle of Kimolos - Medieval house types (middle sizes) in Venice 1:400 - PART OF THOMAS GRAVES MAP FOR NAXOS TOWN (1842) ~1:10000 - FLOOR PLAN WITH EXISTING AND NOT EXISTING ROAD NETWORK 1:1000.

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